ICSE 2026
RealityCraft
Natural-language XR scripts.
Turns plain-English XR test instructions into executable controller-and-hand-tracking scripts. Closes the gap between human testers and the devices they wield.
Shuqing Li
Building reliable spatial intelligence,
perceiving, generating, verifying & maintaining XR, embodied AI, and 3D-aware software.
phd background @ cuhk · move & click anywhere to perturb the scene ↗
About
who I amI build and break reliable spatial intelligence: AI systems that perceive, reason, decide, and act in space, with guarantees of safety, robustness, explainability, and verifiability. My work spans XR (VR / AR / MR), embodied AI, multi-modal LLM agents, coding agents, and the software engineering that has to keep all of it from clipping through the floor.
PhD background at CUHK, advised by Prof. Michael R. Lyu (ACM / AAAS / IEEE Life Fellow). Previously co-founder & CTO of PortalX (YC China · MiraclePlus), founding team at Common Defense (Quantstamp).
News
what's new- Apr 2026Presented two papers at ICSE 2026 in Rio: 3D Scene Synthesis Guided by Constraint-Expressive IR and RealityCraft.
- Mar 2026Two papers, Look Before You Leap and When Shared Worlds Break, accepted to FSE 2026.
- Nov 2025PC Chair for the VR/AR Software Engineering workshop at ASE 2025 and the Spatial Intelligence workshop at FRSE 2025.
- Jun 2025CARE for Immersive Safety accepted to ISSTA 2025: turning XR cybersickness reviews into actionable signal via LLM analysis.
- Mar 2025Our FRSE 2025 workshop was awarded Best Workshop.
- Jul 2024Less Cybersickness, Please accepted to FSE 2024: first systematic taxonomy and detector for stereoscopic visual inconsistencies in VR.
Timeline
where I've been- 2021–2026Ph.D. in Computer ScienceAdvised by Prof. Michael R. Lyu (ACM/AAAS/IEEE Life Fellow)
- 2019Visiting StudentSchool of Computing, NUSAdvised by Prof. Chang Ee-Chien · Grade A+
- 2017–2021B.Eng. in Computer Science (Summa Cum Laude · Top 1%)Advised by Prof. Yepang Liu
Selected projects
things I've made ICSE 2026
3D Scene Synthesis
Constraint-expressive IR for LLMs.
An intermediate representation that lets LLMs reason about physical and semantic constraints when synthesizing 3D scenes. The resulting layouts are physically consistent, not just plausible.
FSE 2026
When Shared Worlds Break
Demystifying multi-user XR defects.
First systematic study of defects unique to multi-user XR (desync, ghost avatars, shared-state corruption) across 100+ real-world apps.
FSE 2024
Less Cybersickness, Please
Stereoscopic visual inconsistencies in VR.
Taxonomized the stereoscopic visual inconsistencies that cause cybersickness, then built StereoID, a static analyzer that surfaced them across 171 VR apps.
FSE 2026
Look Before You Leap
Context-sensitive GUI grounding for XR testing.
A context-sensitive grounding approach that lets automated testers locate XR GUI elements the way human players do, by reading the surrounding 3D context rather than raw pixels.
YC China · MiraclePlus
PortalX
Multi-modal software-onboarding agents.
Co-founded a YC China–backed startup building universal self-serve AI assistants for any software. Multi-modal LLM agents do intelligent Q&A, automatic onboarding, and task automation across platforms.
Publications
hover a row for the abstract▸ first-author · # co-first-author · * corresponding
Conferences
ICML · ICSE · FSE · ISSTA · ASE · ISSRE · WOOT 20 papers- FSE'26▸Shuqing Li, Binchang Li, Yepang Liu, Cuiyun Gao, Jianping Zhang, Shing-Chi Cheung, Michael R. Lyu
A context-sensitive grounding approach that lets automated testers locate XR GUI elements the way human players do, by reading the surrounding 3D context rather than raw pixels.
- FSE'26▸Shuqing Li, Chenran Zhang, Binchang Li, Cuiyun Gao, Michael R. Lyu
First systematic study of defects unique to multi-user XR (desync, ghost avatars, shared-state corruption) across 100+ real-world apps.
- ICML'26Jialun Cao, Yuk Kit Chan, Zixuan Ling, Wenxuan Wang, Shuqing Li, Mingwei Liu, Chaozheng Wang, Boxi Yu, Pinjia He, Shuai Wang, Zibin Zheng, Michael R. Lyu, Shing-Chi Cheung
- ICSE'26▸Shuqing Li, Anson Y. Lam, Yun Peng, Wenxuan Wang, Michael R. Lyu
An intermediate representation that lets LLMs reason about physical and semantic constraints when synthesizing 3D scenes, producing layouts that are physically consistent and human-plausible.
- ICSE'26▸RealityCraft: Automated Synthesis of Extended Reality Device Interaction Scripts from Natural Language InstructionsShuqing Li, Yun Peng, Yige Chen, Dingyuan Xue, Yepang Liu, Michael R. Lyu
RealityCraft turns plain-English XR test descriptions into executable interaction scripts, closing the gap between human testers and the controllers they use.
- FSE IVR 2026*Runxin Yang, Yuxuan Wan, Shuqing Li *, Michael R. Lyu
- FSE'25Divide-and-Conquer: Generating UI Code from ScreenshotsYuxuan Wan, Chaozheng Wang, Yi Dong, Wenxuan Wang, Shuqing Li, Yintong Huo, Michael R. Lyu
- ISSTA'25▸CARE for Immersive Safety: Extended Reality Cybersickness Assessment via LLM-Based User Review AnalysisShuqing Li, Qisheng Zheng, Cuiyun Gao, Jia Feng, Michael R. Lyu
CARE mines user reviews of XR apps and uses an LLM pipeline to surface cybersickness symptoms developers can act on, turning subjective discomfort into reproducible signal.
- ISSTA'25Multi-Modal LLM Based UI2Code Automation Guided by UI Layout InformationFan Wu, Cuiyun Gao, Shuqing Li, Xin-Cheng Wen, Qing Liao, Michael R. Lyu
- ASE'25Metamorphic Testing for Audio Content Moderation SoftwareWenxuan Wang, Yongjiang Wu, Junyuan Zhang, Shuqing Li, Yun Peng, Wenting Chen, Shuai Wang, Michael R. Lyu
- FSE'24▸Less Cybersickness, Please: Demystifying and Detecting Stereoscopic Visual Inconsistencies in Virtual Reality AppsShuqing Li, Cuiyun Gao, Jianping Zhang, Yujia Zhang, Yepang Liu, Jiazhen Gu, Yun Peng, Michael R. Lyu
Stereoscopic visual inconsistencies (SVIs) cause cybersickness in VR. We taxonomize them and build StereoID, a static analyzer that finds SVIs across 171 VR apps.
- ICSE'24An Exploratory Investigation of Log Anomalies in Unmanned Aerial VehiclesDinghua Wang, Shuqing Li, Guanping Xiao, Yepang Liu, Yulei Sui, Pinjia He, Michael R. Lyu
- ICSE'24Less is More? An Empirical Study on Configuration Issues in Python PyPI EcosystemYun Peng, Ruida Hu, Ruoke Wang, Cuiyun Gao, Shuqing Li, Michael R. Lyu
- FSE'23API-Knowledge Aware Search-Based Software Testing: Where, What, and HowXiaoxue Ren, Xinyuan Ye, Yun Lin, Zhenchang Xing, Shuqing Li, Michael R. Lyu
- ICSE'23MTTM: Metamorphic Testing for Textual Content Moderation SoftwareWenxuan Wang, Jen-tse Huang, Weibin Wu, Jianping Zhang, Yizhan Huang, Shuqing Li, Pinjia He, Michael R. Lyu
- FSE'21An Exploratory Study of Autopilot Software Bugs in Unmanned Aerial VehiclesDinghua Wang, Shuqing Li, Guanping Xiao, Yepang Liu, Yulei Sui
- FSE'21Darcher: Detecting On-Chain-Off-Chain Synchronization Bugs In Decentralized ApplicationsWuqi Zhang, Lili Wei, Shuqing Li, Yepang Liu, Shing-Chi Cheung
- WOOT'21#BadUSB-C: Revisiting BadUSB with Type-CHongyi Lu#, Yechang Wu#, Shuqing Li #, You Lin, Chaozu Zhang, Fengwei Zhang
- ASE'20Industry Practice of JavaScript Dynamic Analysis on WeChat Mini-ProgramsYi Liu, Jinhui Xie, Jianbo Yang, Shiyu Guo, Yuetang Deng, Shuqing Li, Yechang Wu, Yepang Liu
- ISSRE'20#An Exploratory Study of Bugs in Extended Reality Applications on the WebShuqing Li #, Yechang Wu#, Yi Liu#, Dinghua Wang, Ming Wen, Yida Tao, Yulei Sui, Yepang Liu
The first systematic look at bugs in WebXR applications, a foundational study that helped seed the Reliable Spatial Intelligence research direction.
Journals
TSE · EMSE · Automated SE 4 papers- EMSE'25On State Reverting in Solidity Smart Contracts: Developer Practices, Fault Categorization, and Tool EvaluationLu Liu, Lili Wei, Wuqi Zhang, Shuqing Li, Yifan Zhou, Yepang Liu, Shing-Chi Cheung, Michael R. Lyu
- ASEJ'25Understanding the Privacy-Realisticness Dilemma of the MetaverseXiaolu Zhang, Tahmid Rafi, Yuejun Guan, Shuqing Li, Michael R Lyu
- TSE'23Combatting Front-Running in Smart Contracts: Attack Mining, Benchmark Construction and Vulnerability Detector EvaluationWuqi Zhang, Lili Wei, Shing-Chi Cheung, Yepang Liu, Shuqing Li, Lu Liu, Michael R. Lyu
- TSE'22Revisiting, Benchmarking and Exploring API Recommendation: How Far Are We?Yun Peng, Shuqing Li, Wenwei Gu, Yichen Li, Wenxuan Wang, Cuiyun Gao, Michael R. Lyu
Preprints
latest manuscripts 7 papers- preprint'25▸X-Ray Through the Looking Glass: Detecting Clipping-Through Bugs in Stereoscopic XR GamesShuqing Li, Jie Wang, Xiaoxue Ren, Michael R. Lyu
- preprint'25▸Shuqing Li, Jiayi Yan, Chenyu Niu, Jen-tse Huang, Yun Peng, Wenxuan Wang, Yepang Liu, Michael R. Lyu
- preprint'25▸Shuqing Li, Qiang Chen, Xiaoxue Ren, Michael R. Lyu
- preprint'24▸An Interaction Simulation and Automated Testing Framework for Spatial Computing Extended Reality Applications and GamesShuqing Li, Binchang Li, Cuiyun Gao, Michael R. Lyu
- preprint'24▸From Blueprint to Reality: Empirical Study on AR Mobile App Design Guideline Compliance and EffectivenessShuqing Li, Mulong Xie, Haibo Cheng, Zhenchang Xing, Michael R. Lyu
- preprint'24▸Shuqing Li, Chenran Zhang, Cuiyun Gao, Michael R. Lyu
- preprint'23▸Shuqing Li, Lili Wei, Yepang Liu, Cuiyun Gao, Shing-Chi Cheung, Michael R. Lyu
The first large-scale empirical study modeling VR software quality from users' perspectives, mining 1.1M+ reviews of 14,150 VR apps across seven stores to build a taxonomy of 12 quality attributes that matter most to users.
Awards · Service · Teaching
the rest of the record─── awards
- 2026 Reaching Out Award HKSAR
- 2026 Best AI+XR Solution of the Year VR/AR Expo China 2026
- 2025 Best Workshop · FRSE 2025
- 2025 First Prize · LayoutCoder · 10th National Youth AI Innovation & Entrepreneurship Competition Chinese Association for Artificial Intelligence (CAAI)
- 2023, 2024, 2026 ACM SIGSOFT CAPS Award
- 2024 CUHK Overseas Research Attachment Award
- 2024 CUHK PhD International Mobility for Partnerships and Collaborations (IMPAC) Award
- 2021–2025 CUHK Postgraduate Scholarship
- 2021 Summa Cum Laude Graduate (Top 1%) SUSTech
- 2021 Distinguished Undergraduate Thesis SUSTech
- 2020 National Scholarship (Top 0.2%)
- 2019 Champion · National Software Testing Contest (1 / 10,757)
- 2018, 2019 First Class Annual Outstanding Student (Top 5%) SUSTech
─── academic service
PC Chair
- 2025 International Workshop on Virtual and Augmented Reality Software Engineering (w/ ASE)
- 2025 Workshop on Engineering the Next Dimension: Software, Spatial Intelligence, and Extended Reality (w/ FRSE)
PC Member · Reviewer
- 2027 ICSE
- 2027 FSE
- 2026 ISSTA
- 2026 IEEE VR
- 2026 SANER
- 2025, 2026 ISMAR
- 2025 Internetware
- 2025 FORGE
- 2024 VARSE Workshop (w/ ASE)
Journal reviewer
- ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
- ACM TOSEM
- IEEE TDSC
- IEEE TSE
- Empirical Software Engineering (EMSE)
- Automated Software Engineering
- International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction
- Humanities and Social Sciences Communications
- Journal of Software: Evolution and Process
─── teaching
- CSCI 3100 · Software EngineeringSpring 2022, Spring 2023 · CUHK
- CSCI 3130 · Formal Languages and Automata TheoryFall 2021 · CUHK
- CS 102A · Introduction to Computer ProgrammingSpring 2020, Spring 2021 · SUSTech
─── mentorship
Mentored 20+ junior PhD, master's, and undergraduate students across CUHK, HIT, SYSU, and SUSTech. Many now at CMU, UW, EPFL, CUHK, HKU, HKUST, ByteDance, Tencent, and Alibaba.